Things to know about Svalbard

  • The Svalbard Archipelago sits halfway between the top of Norway and the North Pole, one of the world’s northernmost inhabited places
  • Svalbard is the name of the archipelago, while Spitsbergen refers to the largest island
  • The author Philip Pullman helped put Svalbard on the map as home to his ‘armoured bears’
  • It’s got a relatively mild climate compared to other areas at the same latitude, in spite of four months of winter darkness
  • 60% of Svalbard’s landmass is permanently covered by ice and less than 10% has any vegetation

Swoop says

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The best thing about Svalbard? Once you are on the ship you are on the expedition. There's no long sea crossing to conquer, you are straight into looking out for bears.

Alex Mudd Head of Swoop Arctic

Guide to Svalbard travel

Wildlife

One of the Arctic Regions ‘wildlife hotspots’, alongside around 500-600 polar bears and the indigenous Svalbard reindeer, during the summer months arctic fox, walrus, seals and whales can be seen.

Activity peaks during high summer when the island plays host to a coterie of migratory wildlife, including millions of birds who come to breed on Svalbard’s famous bird cliffs.

Svalbard

Climate

In spite of its northerly latitude and proximity to the North Pole, Svalbard has a mild climate due to the moderating influence of the Northern Atlantic gulf stream.

  • July is the warmest month with average temperatures between 3 - 7 °C (37.4 - 44.6 °F)
  • It’s not uncommon to have long periods during the winter where temperatures drop between -20 and -30 °C (−4.0 °F)
  • Periods of fog are quite common during the summer and autumn
  • Svalbard is technically an “Arctic desert” with annual precipitation of only 200–300 millimetres
Svalbard

Flowers on the beach in Svalbard

Geography

Svalbard’s landscape is marked by its variety and the stark contrast between the different areas of the archipelago. Spitsbergen’s west coast has dramatic fjords and mountains rearing to over 1,000m/ 3,280 ft rising from sea level, while other parts of Svalbard tend to be more wide and open.

60% of the landmass is covered in ice, less than 10% has any vegetation, and trees are totally absent. Nearly two thirds of Svalbard is protected and consists of several nature reserves, national parks and bird sanctuaries. An advantage of it being so off the beaten track is that the majority of the land is still pristine and unsullied by either roads or other human activity.

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The stunning mountains and glaciers of Svalbard

Visit Svalbard

Svalbard Cruises

Svalbard Cruises

Halfway between Norway and the North Pole, Svalbard distils the best of The Arctic into one remarkable archipelago. In high summer, largely ice-free coastlines and fjords reveal …

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The X-Bow ship Ocean Victory in polar waters

Svalbard Ship Guide

In the absence of hotels and infrastructure once you depart Longyearbyen, an expedition ship offers the best means to explore Svalbard's ragged coastline, while acting as both your…

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Svalbard Landing Sites

Svalbard Landing Sites

Expedition cruising is all about active exploration - trekking the arctic tundra, watching for wildlife, studying Svalbard’s history or sailing through sea ice, and accompanied …

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History

Svalbard is first mentioned in Icelandic texts in the 12th century, yet it was Dutchman Willem Barentsz who officially discovered the archipelago in 1596 while searching for the Northeast Passage.

Whaling: News of healthy whale and walrus populations soon got out following Barentsz’ discovery, triggering the first ‘oil rush’. The strong European demand lasted from approximately 1600-1750 and took bowheads whales to the brink of extinction.

Trappers: Russian Pomors from the White Sea area followed the whalers. Hardy to Arctic conditions, they exploited the winter furs of arctic fox and polar bears from the early 18th century to the mid-1800s. The 71 remains of the trapping stations are the most visible traces of that period. 

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Explore abandoned outposts on the tundra

Explorers: The remains of former expeditions are some of Svalbard's most famous cultural heritage sites. Of the 35 sites, of particular interest are the bases from where early explorers set out to attempt to reach the North Pole. Remains from the various balloon expeditions can still be visited, while the 1926 mooring mast for Amundsen, Ellsworth and Nobile’s semi-rigid airship Norge still stands at Ny-Alesund.

Mining: Not even Svalbard’s remote location left it immune from coal miners during the demands of the industrial revolution. Heavy setup costs and the short operating season caused many projects to fail, leaving impressively sized installations still very much visible. A few mines still operate today.

Svalbard

Svalbard coastline

Midnight Sun

The extraordinary light on Svalbard can be categorised into 3 phases, as the year progresses:

  • The Polar Night (26th October - 14th February) when there’s 24-hours of darkness and its possible to see the Northern Lights in the middle of the day
  • Twilight period between the seasons when the area experiences an eerie, blue light
  • The Midnight Sun (15th April - 26th August) describes the phenomenon of 24-hour daylight

Solfestuka marks the return of the sun after the dark winter is celebrated. The whole town gathers on the steps of the old hospital at 12:15 to await the first rays peeping over the mountains.

Spitsbergen

Fish drying out of reach of dogs and bears, Longyearbyen

What are the main places of interest on Svalbard?

What our customers think of Svalbard

Most memorable moment: watching a polar bear rather close from a zodiac for over an hour eating eggs from eider nests, walking around, finally going into the ocean and swimming away. Read the full review

Travelled: June 2022

Anna-Karin Hjalmarsson - Sweden

It was just wonderful. The small ship, the guides, the food, excursions, scenery. Magical. Read the full review

Travelled: June 2022

Pamela White - UK

It was very interesting to spend some time in Svalbard both before and after our expedition. Read the full review

Travelled: July 2019

Stewart Adams - United Kingdom

The most unique part of the journey had to be the 24 hour of daylight. You have to experience it first hand before you can describe it. Read the full review

Travelled: June 2019

Steve Liu - United States of America

I am very happy with all aspects of Swoop's help, support and involvement in this voyage. Read the full review

Travelled: June 2019

Steve Liu - United States of America

It was amazing – probably the most beautiful place on the planet! Read the full review

Travelled: June 2019

Ann King - United Kingdom

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I will tell my grandchildren that we had a barbeque on the front upper deck and got to 82 degrees north! Read the full review

Travelled: July 2018

Dianne & Jim Spry - United Kingdom

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The best moments was getting in the Zodiacs, not once but twice a day. Read the full review

Travelled: July 2018

Dianne & Jim Spry - United Kingdom

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Kayaking in the thick brash ice by a big glacier, on a beautiful sunny day was a highlight....but then again, so was when the walrus popped its head up out of the water right in front of me when in the zodiac! Read the full review

Travelled: June 2018

Leslie & Nancy Steenbeke (Grossman) - United States Of America

Plan your trip to Svalbard

When to visit Svalbard

When to visit Svalbard

While Svalbard may be an almost year round destination, the changing weather, number of daylight hours, amount of ice and snow conditions through the year all have a marked effect …

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Getting to Svalbard

Getting to Svalbard

Svalbard is geographically closer to the North Pole than to Norway. Surprising then, that getting there is quite so straightforward, with regular flights from Norway to …

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SPITSBERGEN(1) (3)

Spitsbergen & Longyearbyen

The largest and only permanently populated of Svalbard’s islands, Spitsbergen is where all the activity and life happens. The beating heart of Spitsbergen itself is the town of …

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Svalbard Wildlife

Svalbard Wildlife

At the height of summer when wildlife populations and activity are peaking on Svalbard, there are few other parts of the Arctic which offer the same combination of easy access and …

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